Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Antimicrobial Activities of Methanol, Ethanol and Supercritical CO 2 Extracts of Philippine Piper betle L. on Clinical Isolates of Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria with Transferable Multiple Drug Resistance

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146349

Figure Lengend Snippet: Panel of MDR clinical bacterial strains used in in vitro antibacterial testing with Piper betle extracts.

Article Snippet: A . baumannii MBL(+) 2 , 24 , 24 , 20 , 22.

Techniques: In Vitro

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Antimicrobial Activities of Methanol, Ethanol and Supercritical CO 2 Extracts of Philippine Piper betle L. on Clinical Isolates of Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria with Transferable Multiple Drug Resistance

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146349

Figure Lengend Snippet: Diameters of zones of inhibition (mm) * of Piper betle extracts against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Article Snippet: A . baumannii MBL(+) 2 , 24 , 24 , 20 , 22.

Techniques: Inhibition, Bacteria

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Antimicrobial Activities of Methanol, Ethanol and Supercritical CO 2 Extracts of Philippine Piper betle L. on Clinical Isolates of Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria with Transferable Multiple Drug Resistance

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146349

Figure Lengend Snippet: A. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus or MRSA 5; B. Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus 3; C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa metallo β lactamase or MβL (+) 3; D. Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae 3; E. MRSA 1; F. Acinetobacter baumannii MβL (+) 1.

Article Snippet: A . baumannii MBL(+) 2 , 24 , 24 , 20 , 22.

Techniques:

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Antimicrobial Activities of Methanol, Ethanol and Supercritical CO 2 Extracts of Philippine Piper betle L. on Clinical Isolates of Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria with Transferable Multiple Drug Resistance

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146349

Figure Lengend Snippet: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (μg/ml) of Piper betle extracts for multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Article Snippet: A . baumannii MBL(+) 2 , 24 , 24 , 20 , 22.

Techniques: Bacteria

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Antimicrobial Activities of Methanol, Ethanol and Supercritical CO 2 Extracts of Philippine Piper betle L. on Clinical Isolates of Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria with Transferable Multiple Drug Resistance

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146349

Figure Lengend Snippet: Minimum bactericidal concentration (μg/mL) of Piper betle extracts against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Article Snippet: A . baumannii MBL(+) 2 , 24 , 24 , 20 , 22.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Bacteria

Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Article Title: In vitro activity of rifabutin against 293 contemporary carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and characterization of rifabutin mode of action and resistance mechanisms

doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa370

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quantification of fhuE expression level and rifabutin activity against A. baumannii . (a) A. baumannii HUMC1 fhuE transcript levels were determined in different media by quantitative real-time PCR and normalized to the fhuE expression of the strain grown in CA-MHB. CA-MHB and RPMI media were supplemented with 0.1 mM pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone (PIH) or 10% (v/v) FCS, respectively. (b) Rifabutin activity on A. baumannii HUMC1 determined in CA-MHB supplemented with PIH. (c) Rifabutin activity determined in RPMI supplemented with 10% (v/v) FCS (black) and MHA supplemented with 0.1 mM PIH (white) on WT A. baumannii strains and their Δ fhuE mutants.

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates ( n = 293) used in this study were collected between 2017 and 2019 in various clinical laboratories from Europe ( n = 144), the USA ( n = 99) and Asia-West Pacific ( n = 50) regions (JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Activity Assay, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Article Title: In vitro activity of rifabutin against 293 contemporary carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and characterization of rifabutin mode of action and resistance mechanisms

doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa370

Figure Lengend Snippet: Activity of rifabutin (black bars) and rifampicin (white bars) upon plasmid-mediated expression of (a) different FhuE variants determined in CA-MHB medium and (b) Arr-2 determined in RPMI supplemented with 10% FCS. A. baumannii ATCC-17978 was used as host strain; gene expression from plasmids was induced with 1 mM IPTG, and a plasmid that did not encode fhuE or arr-2 was used as control. *MIC >32 mg/L.

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates ( n = 293) used in this study were collected between 2017 and 2019 in various clinical laboratories from Europe ( n = 144), the USA ( n = 99) and Asia-West Pacific ( n = 50) regions (JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Plasmid Preparation, Expressing, Gene Expression, Control

Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Article Title: In vitro activity of rifabutin against 293 contemporary carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and characterization of rifabutin mode of action and resistance mechanisms

doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa370

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of the efficacy of rifabutin against 293 carbapenem-resistant clinical isolates of A. baumannii in two different media. (a) Cumulative susceptibility and (b) MIC distribution of rifabutin determined in IC-RPMI and IC-MHA .

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates ( n = 293) used in this study were collected between 2017 and 2019 in various clinical laboratories from Europe ( n = 144), the USA ( n = 99) and Asia-West Pacific ( n = 50) regions (JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA).

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Article Title: In vitro activity of rifabutin against 293 contemporary carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and characterization of rifabutin mode of action and resistance mechanisms

doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa370

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cumulative susceptibility to rifabutin determined in IC-MHA against all A. baumannii isolates or by region and infection type

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates ( n = 293) used in this study were collected between 2017 and 2019 in various clinical laboratories from Europe ( n = 144), the USA ( n = 99) and Asia-West Pacific ( n = 50) regions (JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA).

Techniques: Infection

Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Article Title: In vitro activity of rifabutin against 293 contemporary carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and characterization of rifabutin mode of action and resistance mechanisms

doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa370

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cumulative susceptibility of rifabutin and comparator antibiotics against a panel of 293 carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii . Rifabutin MIC was determined in IC-MHA, whereas the MICs of meropenem, ceftazidime, minocycline, tigecycline, colistin, tobramycin and cefiderocol were determined according to CLSI guidelines.

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates ( n = 293) used in this study were collected between 2017 and 2019 in various clinical laboratories from Europe ( n = 144), the USA ( n = 99) and Asia-West Pacific ( n = 50) regions (JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Article Title: In vitro activity of rifabutin against 293 contemporary carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and characterization of rifabutin mode of action and resistance mechanisms

doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa370

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overview of antimicrobial susceptibility of 293 clinical A. baumannii isolates and clinical classification according to EUCAST and CLSI guidelines

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates ( n = 293) used in this study were collected between 2017 and 2019 in various clinical laboratories from Europe ( n = 144), the USA ( n = 99) and Asia-West Pacific ( n = 50) regions (JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Article Title: In vitro activity of rifabutin against 293 contemporary carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and characterization of rifabutin mode of action and resistance mechanisms

doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa370

Figure Lengend Snippet: Rifabutin shows strong activity against A. baumannii subpopulations resistant to different antibiotics

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates ( n = 293) used in this study were collected between 2017 and 2019 in various clinical laboratories from Europe ( n = 144), the USA ( n = 99) and Asia-West Pacific ( n = 50) regions (JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA).

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Article Title: In vitro activity of rifabutin against 293 contemporary carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and characterization of rifabutin mode of action and resistance mechanisms

doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa370

Figure Lengend Snippet: Rifabutin activity determined in IC-RPMI on A. baumannii strains with active or disrupted rifabutin uptake. (a) Rifabutin MIC on WT strains encoding the FhuE LAC-4 variant (black bars) and their isogenic mutants where fhuE LAC-4 was chromosomally exchanged for the fhuE HUMC1 allele (white bars). Strain BV788 carries an RpoB H535Q mutation while strain LAC-4 does not carry additional resistance mechanisms. *MIC >32 mg/L. (b) Rifabutin MIC on WT strains encoding the FhuE HUMC1 variant (black bars) and their Δ fhuE isogenic mutants (white bars). Strains BV683, BV710, BV778 and BV845 carry RpoB mutations I581M, S583L, H535Q and N527D, respectively, and strain BV840 encodes Arr-2 inactivation enzyme. *MIC >32 mg/L.

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates ( n = 293) used in this study were collected between 2017 and 2019 in various clinical laboratories from Europe ( n = 144), the USA ( n = 99) and Asia-West Pacific ( n = 50) regions (JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Variant Assay, Mutagenesis

Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Article Title: In vitro activity of rifabutin against 293 contemporary carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and characterization of rifabutin mode of action and resistance mechanisms

doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa370

Figure Lengend Snippet: Growth complementation of the A. baumannii mutant strain depleted for endogenous siderophore production to determine the ability of FhuE HUMC1 and FhuE LAC-4 variants to transport siderophores. A. baumannii ATCC 19798 Δ basD Δ fhuE double mutant strains complemented with (a) FhuE HUMC1 -expressing plasmid or (b) FhuE LAC-4 -expressing plasmid were grown in LB medium containing 225 μM 2,2-bipyridyl supplemented with 20 μM desferricoprogen (square), rhodotorulic acid (triangle), desferrioxamine B (inverted triangle) or no siderophores (circle), as previously described. A. baumannii ATCC 19798 Δ basD Δ fhuE double mutant strains complemented with an empty plasmid were used as controls (open symbols).

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates ( n = 293) used in this study were collected between 2017 and 2019 in various clinical laboratories from Europe ( n = 144), the USA ( n = 99) and Asia-West Pacific ( n = 50) regions (JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA).

Techniques: Mutagenesis, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation

Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Article Title: In vitro activity of rifabutin against 293 contemporary carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and characterization of rifabutin mode of action and resistance mechanisms

doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa370

Figure Lengend Snippet: A. baumannii UNT091-1 mutational resistance frequencies towards rifabutin

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates ( n = 293) used in this study were collected between 2017 and 2019 in various clinical laboratories from Europe ( n = 144), the USA ( n = 99) and Asia-West Pacific ( n = 50) regions (JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA).

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Article Title: In vitro activity of rifabutin against 293 contemporary carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates and characterization of rifabutin mode of action and resistance mechanisms

doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa370

Figure Lengend Snippet: Model for rifabutin and rifampicin mode of action and resistance mechanisms in A. baumannii . This figure appears in colour in the online version of JAC and in black and white in the print version of JAC .

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates ( n = 293) used in this study were collected between 2017 and 2019 in various clinical laboratories from Europe ( n = 144), the USA ( n = 99) and Asia-West Pacific ( n = 50) regions (JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Iranian Journal of Microbiology

Article Title: High burden of MDR, XDR, PDR, and MBL producing Gram negative bacteria causing infections in Kermanshah health centers during 2019–2020

doi: 10.18502/ijm.v15i3.12896

Figure Lengend Snippet: Distribution of MDR, XDR, and PDR patterns of bacterial agents among 85 carbapenemase-producing

Article Snippet: The most frequent MBL-positive isolates were A. baumanii (93.6%).

Techniques:

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: Loss of a Branch Sugar in the Acinetobacter baumannii K3-Type Capsular Polysaccharide Due To Frameshifts in the gtr6 Glycosyltransferase Gene Leads To Susceptibility To Phage APK37.1

doi: 10.1128/spectrum.03631-22

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Comparison of the A. baumannii KL3, KL22, KL37, and KL116 CPS biosynthesis gene clusters. Figures were drawn using EasyFig with K locus sequences from NCBI accession numbers CP012004.1 (KL3, ATCC 17978), KC526920.1 (KL22, LUH5537), KX712115.1 (KL37, UV_1036), and CP020590 (KL116, 15A34). The scale bar is shown below. Predicted functional categories of gene products are indicated by colors (legend shown below), and gray shading is protein sequence identity determined by tblastx with the scale also shown below. (B) Positions of the deletions or insertions in the gtr6 gene and length of predicted gene products. Length of the gene is shown above, and length of gene product (blue box) is shown. Black arrows indicate the locations of the single-base deletion in AB5001/AB4932/AB4957 and MAR-13-1378 or the IS Aba 13 insertion sequence in KL22 of HUMC1 . Hashed portion in MAR-13-1378 and HUMC1 products indicate extension past the deletion/insertion to the nearest alternate stop codon.

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates used in this study ( ) were obtained from Mikhail Edelstein (Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, Smolensk, Russia), Bin Liu (TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China), Alexandr Nemec (Laboratory of Bacterial Genetics, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic), Raffaele Zarrilli (Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy), Dean Scholl (AvidBiotics Corp., South San Francisco, CA, USA) and Ry Young (Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA).

Techniques: Comparison, Functional Assay, Sequencing

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: Loss of a Branch Sugar in the Acinetobacter baumannii K3-Type Capsular Polysaccharide Due To Frameshifts in the gtr6 Glycosyltransferase Gene Leads To Susceptibility To Phage APK37.1

doi: 10.1128/spectrum.03631-22

Figure Lengend Snippet: CPS structures from A. baumannii isolates. (A) K3-type from isolates with KL3 (ATCC 17978 and SMAL ) or KL22 (15827 , LUH5537 , and SK44 ). The degree of O -acetylation of d- GlcNAc3NAcA is ~50% in KL3 strains and ~90% in KL22 strains. (B) K3-v1 CPS type and MPS and OS from A. baumannii AB5001. The degree of O -acetylation of d- GlcNAc3NAcA is ~50%. (C) K37 CPS ( , ). (D) K116 CPS . Glycosyltransferase, Itr, and Wzy names are shown next to the linkage each is assigned to.

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates used in this study ( ) were obtained from Mikhail Edelstein (Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, Smolensk, Russia), Bin Liu (TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China), Alexandr Nemec (Laboratory of Bacterial Genetics, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic), Raffaele Zarrilli (Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy), Dean Scholl (AvidBiotics Corp., South San Francisco, CA, USA) and Ry Young (Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: Loss of a Branch Sugar in the Acinetobacter baumannii K3-Type Capsular Polysaccharide Due To Frameshifts in the gtr6 Glycosyltransferase Gene Leads To Susceptibility To Phage APK37.1

doi: 10.1128/spectrum.03631-22

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characterization of APK37.1. (A) Plaques with opaque haloes formed by phage APK37.1 on a lawn of A. baumannii AB5001. A magnified image of a plaque is shown below, with the bar indicating halo diameter. (B) Pairwise nucleotide sequence comparison of APK37.1 and Fri1 genomes. Shading shows DNA sequence identity, and the scale is shown below. Open reading frames are colored by functional category with the key shown below. The figure was constructed by Easyfig . (C) Proteomic phylogeny of related Friunavirus genomes. Circles on node tips indicate phage that have demonstrated specificity for strains that carry the KL37 or KL116 CPS biosynthesis gene clusters. Red denotes phage APK37.1.

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates used in this study ( ) were obtained from Mikhail Edelstein (Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, Smolensk, Russia), Bin Liu (TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China), Alexandr Nemec (Laboratory of Bacterial Genetics, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic), Raffaele Zarrilli (Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy), Dean Scholl (AvidBiotics Corp., South San Francisco, CA, USA) and Ry Young (Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA).

Techniques: Sequencing, Comparison, Functional Assay, Construct

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: Loss of a Branch Sugar in the Acinetobacter baumannii K3-Type Capsular Polysaccharide Due To Frameshifts in the gtr6 Glycosyltransferase Gene Leads To Susceptibility To Phage APK37.1

doi: 10.1128/spectrum.03631-22

Figure Lengend Snippet: 1 H and 13 C NMR chemical shifts (δ, ppm) of the CPS of A. baumannii AB5001 and MPS derived from O -deacetylation of the CPS

Article Snippet: A. baumannii isolates used in this study ( ) were obtained from Mikhail Edelstein (Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical University, Smolensk, Russia), Bin Liu (TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China), Alexandr Nemec (Laboratory of Bacterial Genetics, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic), Raffaele Zarrilli (Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy), Dean Scholl (AvidBiotics Corp., South San Francisco, CA, USA) and Ry Young (Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Residue